The earliest research institute in Europe was Tycho Brahe's Uraniborg complex on the island of Hven, a 16th-century astronomical laboratory set up to make highly accurate measurements of the stars.  In the United States there are numerous notable research institutes including Bell Labs,  Xerox Parc, The Scripps Research Institute,[2] Beckman Institute, and SRI International. Hughes Aircraft used a research institute structure for its organizational model.[3]